Gluformin XL New 1000 Tablet

Description

Gluformin XL New 1000 Tablet is an extended-release oral antidiabetic medicine containing Metformin Hydrochloride (1000mg). It belongs to the class of biguanides and is primarily prescribed for the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).

The XL (extended-release) formulation ensures a slow and steady release of Metformin into the bloodstream, providing prolonged blood glucose control and minimizing gastrointestinal side effects compared to immediate-release tablets.

Metformin acts by reducing excess glucose production in the liver (hepatic gluconeogenesis), slowing the absorption of glucose from the intestines, and improving insulin sensitivity in muscle and fat cells. It helps maintain normal blood sugar levels and lowers the risk of long-term diabetes-related complications.

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Uses:

• First-line treatment for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).

• Helps in lowering fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and postprandial glucose (PPG) levels.

• Improves overall glycemic control and aids in HbA1c reduction.

• Reduces the risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications (heart attack, stroke, neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy).

• May assist in weight management and improving lipid profile in some patients.

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Dosage & Administration:

• Typically prescribed once daily with an evening meal or as advised by the physician.

• Should be swallowed whole without crushing or chewing to maintain the extended-release property.

• Dose adjustment is based on blood glucose monitoring, HbA1c levels, and patient tolerance.

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Mechanism of Action:

• Reduces hepatic glucose output: Inhibits gluconeogenesis in the liver.

• Delays intestinal glucose absorption: Slows down uptake of sugar from food.

• Increases insulin sensitivity: Enhances peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.

This multi-target action helps in achieving stable blood sugar control without causing excessive insulin secretion.

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Side Effects:

• Common: Nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, metallic taste.

• Less common: Loss of appetite, mild weakness, dizziness.

• Rare but serious:

  • Lactic acidosis (life-threatening but very rare) – symptoms include extreme tiredness, irregular heartbeat, muscle pain, or breathing difficulty.

  • Vitamin B12 deficiency with long-term use.

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Precautions:

• Not recommended in Type 1 Diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis.

• Contraindicated in patients with severe kidney disease (eGFR <30 ml/min/1.73 m²).

• Should be used cautiously in patients with liver disease, heart failure, or alcohol dependency.

• Avoid alcohol intake to reduce the risk of lactic acidosis.

• Pregnant and breastfeeding women should take only if advised by a doctor.

• Regular monitoring of kidney function, liver function, and Vitamin B12 levels is recommended during long-term use.

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Storage:

• Store in a cool, dry place, below 25°C.

• Protect from light and moisture.

• Keep out of reach of children.